Molding apparatus



Nov. 27, 1928. 1,693,222

W. H. CROFT ET AL- momma Armmwfis Filed May 27, 1926 5 Sheets-Sheet '1 Invent};

Nov. 27, 1928.

W. H. CROFT ET A MOLDING APPARATUS 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed May 27, 1926 x I I I l lllll-\\ l 1 r a n W L15 mm FJ L v l f Patented Nov. 27, 1928.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

WILLIAM H. CROFT AND ROBERT J. SHOEMAKER, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNORS TO MAGNUS COMPANY, INCORPORATED, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., A. CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

MOLDING APPARATUS;

Application filed may 27, 1926. Serial No. 111,993.

Our invention relates to apparatus, for casting metals, more particularly mixtures of metals such, for example, as copper and lead,

copper, lead and tin, orother mixtures or alloys used, for instance, for anti-friction bearings, bushings or the like, the ingredient metals of which tend to segregate on cooling. One of the objects of the invention is to provide certain expedients by means of which this tendency to segregate will be counteracted.

A further object is to constructthe elements of the mold so that the casting may be conveniently and readily removed from the mold,

even after the metal has set.

A further object is to provide means whereby additional metal may be supplied to the mold cavity, as shrinkage due to cooling takes lace.

p A further object is to make a casting free from molders sand, especially objectionable if the casting has to be machined.

For castings of considerable size, it is. desirable that the metals enter the mold cavity from the bottom, allowinga certain cooling of the metal and freeexit of gasses to prevent porosity; and a further ob ect of the present inventionis, to provide certain novel arrangements and devices for gating molds for casting operations of this sort.

The invention consists of the new and improved constructions, arrangements and devices for carrying out the above stated objects and such other incidental objects as will be mentioned in the following description of the preferred embodiments of our invention illustrated in the accompanying drawing.

Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view of a mold embodying certain features of our invention, the casting being shown in the mold.

Fig. 2 is a view in perspective of the exlorior mold element. A

Fig. 3 is a sectional perspective of the cope.

Fig. 4 is a similar view of the base member.

Fig. 5 a plan view of the core. 7

Fig. 6 a sectional, view of another embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 7 a sectional plan on line 7-7 of Fig. 6.

Fig. 8 a view in perspective of the core with the parts thereof in assembled relation.

Fig. 9 a view in perspective of one of the exterior mold members,

Fig. 10 a view in perspective of the casting after removal from the mold but before the sprues are cut oil.

Fig. 11 is a plan view\of another embodiment of the invention.

Fig; 12 is a vertical sectional view of this form of the invention.

Figs.- 13 and 14 sectional plans on line 13 13 and 14-14, respectively, of Fig. 11;. Fig. 15 a view in perspective. of the core- Referring first to Figs. 1 to 5 inclusive: 25

designates a metal base formed with a recess 26, and dowel holes 27. On the base and positioned by dowels 28, is an exterior mold element comprising, preferably, two semi-c lindrical members 29, formed with upper ori z ontal flanges 30, with lower horizontal flanges 31 and with vertical flanges 32 for the fastening bolts 33 and nuts 34 by means of which the mold sections are secured together. The core or interior mold element consists preferably of three core members 35, 36 and 37, the latter having a wedging relation with the other two members as indicated in Fig. 5 in which the meeting faces38, '38 of member 37 with members 35, 36 diverge toward the central opening in the core. By this arranges ment after the casting has set'or partially set the member 37 may be forced or driven into the central opening in the core, and removed, which will allow the removal of the other members 35, 36. Preferably the core members are formed with recesses 39 for a. tool used for forcing the members away from thecasting. The core is intended .to fit into the recess 26 in the base plate. A sand cope is provided consisting of a frame 40 of suitable material, provided with dowel holes 41 to receive the dowels 42 on flanges 30 of the exterior mold element, and a body of sand 43 formed with any suitable number of pouring and riser openings 44. These openings communicate with the mold cavity 45 shown in Fig. 1 as filled with the cast metal 46.

The molten metal is poured through one of the openings 44 in the sand of the cope and rises from the mold cavity into the other of said openings 44; the excess metal in these openings being kept at relatively high temperature, because it is in contact with sand rather than metal, and flowing into the mold cavity tomake up for shrinkage. The molten metal in the mold cavity is in contact only mixtures oralloys, the metal ingredients of set or partially set, the cope is removed, the

which tend to segregate if cooled slowly, as happens when such metals are cast in sand molds. When the metal has been poured and core collapsed and the parts taken out, and theouter mold sections removed.

In Figs. 6 to 10 inclusive, a molding appar'atus has been shown constructed on the same general principle as the molding apparatus just described, but with certain desirable improvements in respect, particularly, to the construction of the core, and of the ingate. The exterior mold element comprises two semi-cylindrical sections 47, 48, formed with finages 49 for bolts 50, and with flanges 51 having dowel holes 52 to receive the dowels 53 on the base member 54. The latter is formed with a central opening 55 to receive the lower, orpreferably cylindrical end 56 of a slightly tapered core consisting of core members 57, 58 and 59. The mold is shown as supported on a table or plate 60. The core members 57, 58 are in contact, substantially line contact only, at their outer surfaces. The opposed facesGl diverge toward the central openingof the core which is annular. The meeting faces 62, 62, between the member 59 and the members 57 and 58, respectively,

slope'toward each other from the top of the core to the bottom, so that member 59 has a 'wedging relation, so to speak, with the other two core members. The cope 63 is filled with a body of sand 64 formed with any suitable number of riser openings 65, three of such openings being indicated in the drawings.

- The. ingate is arranged on the outside of the exterior mold element and consists preferably 'of two members 66, 67, the latterpositioned on the exterior mold section 47 by dowels 68 and the former on member 67 by dowels 69, both members being clamped to mold section 47 by any suitable means, for example, by means of the yoke 70, bolted at 71 to the mold member, and a set screw 72. Gate members 66, 67 are formed to provide an ingate duct 7 3 communicating with aligned diagonal ducts 74, 5, extending through gate member 67 and exterior mold section 47 into the bottom of the mold cavity 76 at a tangent thereto approximately. Preferably a pouring cup is arranged upon the gate members 66, 67, consistin of a metal cylinder 77 provided with a and lining 78. The purpose of the sand lined pouring cup is to prevent'the freezing of the metal at the top of the ingate until such time at least as the metal has subsided to compensate for shrinkage in e mold cavity. In the larger types of castings, particularly,, it is desirable to gatethe mold tothe bottom of the mold cavity for the reasons above stated.

To remove the casting from the mold the cope and pouring cup are first lifted from the exterior and interior mold elements, the gate members 66, 67 are'removed and the outer mold sections unbolted and detached from the casting which is then turned upside down and the core memberv 59 driven out, the casting being supported over some openingor space to allow the core member 59 to .be moved downwardly. The core members 57 and 58, may then be forced toward each other and removed from the opening in the middle of the casting. The casting is indicated at 79 (Fig. 10) with its spruce 80 and 81 which may be readily removed.

A somewhat different form of apparatus is shown in Figs. 11 to 15 inclusive. The exterior mold element comprises metal sections 82 flanged at 83 for the bolts 84, and provided with flanges 85 apertured for the dowel pins 86 of the base plate 87. Within the exterior mold element, with ran-intervening space 88 constituting the mold cavity, is an interior mold element consisting of a plurality of metal cylinder. segments 89 held together by a body of molders sand 90, portions of which 91- lie between edgesof the metal members. The metal members are preferably formed with tongues 92 so as to have a better hold on the sand body, which may be either green or dried. The sand body may be formed with a central pouring opening 93, communieating with ducts 94 leading through the metal members 89, at the bottom, to the mold cavity 88; or the pouring gate may be on the outside of the exterior mold element as in Figs. 6 to 10. The cope 95 is filled with a body of sand ,96 provided with any suitable number of, preferably four, riser openings 97.

When" the casting has cooled the exterior mold sections may be readily removed and also the core, the metal members of which will readily collapse in the dried core sand. With this construction of mold, as well as with that last described, the core may be removed from the casting with no inconvenienco even after the casting has completely set, and in spite of the shrinkage of the metal on the core which necessarily occurs. In the molding apparatus ofthisfinal illustrative embodiment of my invention, the molten metal is poured through an ingate lined throughout its vertical length with sand, so that the danger of the metal freezing in the ingate is minimized; Moreover the provision of the core with the pouring duct simplifies the' removal of the exterior mold sections from the casting.

'While we have described our invention in certain preferred embodiments, it is the in tention to cover all modifications within the scope of the appended claims,

loo

This application is'a continuation in part of our copending application Serial No. 198, filed J anuary 2, 1925. i

1. In molding apparatus the combination of a metal base, exterior mold members secured together and mounted on said base, a plurality of separate metal core members, engageable to form a single core, and a sand cope on said mold and core members.

2. In molding apparatus the combination of a metal recessed base, exterior mold members secured together and mounted on said base, a plurality of separate metal core members fitted into the recess of said base and a sand cope on said mold'and core members.

3. In molding apparatus the combination of a metal base formedwith a circular recess;

an annular core to fit said'recess comprising aplurality of separate metalmembers divided 4 on longitudinal lines, an annular exterior I mold element comprising a plurality of metal members secured together, and supported on said base,'and a sandcope arranged over sa d mold element and core.

4. In molding apparatus the combination of a metalbase, inner and outermetal mold elements, the latter formed with a duct lead ing to the lower pair of gate mem ersremovably secured to the outside of the outer mold element vand 'apertured to provide with said duct 0. pouring gate to the mold cavity, anda sand cope on said mold element.

5. In molding apparatus the combination of a metal base, inner and outer metal mold elements, the former comprising a plurality of separately removable members, the latter formed with a duct leading to the lower part of the mold cavity, and a pair of gate members removably secured to the outside of the outer mold element and apertured to provide with said duct a ouring gate to the mold cavity.

6. In mo ding apparatus the combination ofa metal base, annular inner and outer metal mold elements, the former comprising a'plurality of separately removable members, the latter formed with a duct leading to the lower part of the mold' cavity and a pair of ate members removably secured to the outsi e of the outer mold element and apertur'ed to provide with said duct a pouring-gate to the mold cavity. v

7 In molding apparatus the combination of an outer mold element andau inner annular art of the mold cavity,.a

metalmold element divided longitudinally to provide separable members, one of which has a wedging relation with adjacent members to permit it to 'be removed from the prisingthree separable members divided on r longitudinal lines, two of' said members formed to have line contact at their outer surfaces, and these members and the other member formed with mating faces whichslope toward each other from the top to the bottom of v the core. I

outer hollow mold element comprising sepa- 9. In molding apparatus the combination of a base having an opening therethrough; an

rable sections on saidb'ase, an annular core arranged in the opening in the base and comprising three separable members divided on longitudinal lines, two of said members formed to have line contact at their outer surfaces and thesemembers and the other member formed with mating faces. which-slope toward each other from top to bottom ofthe core, and means on the outside of said outer mold element and detachably engaged therewith for'providing a ouringgate leading to the bottom of the mold cavity. r

10. In molding apparatus thecombination of a base having an openin'g'therethrough, an outer hollow mold element comprising separable sectionson saidbase, an annular core arranged in the opening in the base and comprising three separable members divided on ongitudinal lines, .two of said members formed to have line contact at their outer surfaces and these members and the other member formed with mating faces which slope toward each other from top to bottom of the core, means on the outside of said outer mold element and detachably engaged therewith for providing apouring gate'leading to the bottom of the mold cavity, anda sand lined pouring cup forming the upper part of said. gate.

WILLIAM H. CROFT. ROBERT J. SHOEMAKER. 

